Definition

1. Verb:
   • To rent out land (for cultivation): The action of a landowner allowing another person to cultivate their agricultural land in exchange for rent, typically a portion of the harvest (tô). This describes the landlord's action.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Địa chủ thường phát canh ruộng đất cho nông dân nghèo. (Landlords often rented out their land to poor peasants.)
  • Chính sách phát canh thu tô đã bị xóa bỏ. (The policy of renting out land and collecting rent has been abolished.)

Advanced Usage

• The term "phát canh" is almost exclusively used in historical, socio-economic, or political contexts, particularly when discussing pre-reform agrarian systems in Vietnam. It is a fixed component of the compound term "phát canh thu tô" (to rent out land and collect rent), which describes the entire feudal or landlord-based agricultural practice.

Variants and Related Words

• Phát canh thu tô (Compound Noun/Phrase): The system or practice of land rental and rent collection. This is the most common usage.
  • Chế độ phát canh thu tô (The land tenancy and rent collection regime)
• Thu tô (Verb): To collect rent (typically in kind, like a portion of the crop).
• Địa chủ (Noun): Landlord.
• Tá điền (Noun): Tenant farmer.

Synonyms

• Cho thuê đất (canh tác): To lease/rent out land (for cultivation). This is a more modern and general term.
• Cấy rẽ (Regional/Historical): A similar historical practice of sharecropping or land rental.

Notes on Meaning

• "Phát canh" specifically refers to the act of distributing or handing over land for cultivation by tenants. It is not a general term for any rental activity but is deeply tied to agricultural land and historical contexts. The word "canh" here means farming/cultivation.
• It is crucial to distinguish this from simply "cho thuê" (to rent/lease). "Phát canh" implies an agrarian economic relationship with specific historical connotations.

1. Rent lant
   • Phát canh thu tô
     To rent land and get land rent